On American dictates, the Raheel-Nawaz regime is exerting every political and military pressure at its disposal to secure success for the Afghan “peace” dialogue. The purpose of the Afghan “peace” dialogue is to ensure recognition for the puppet Afghan government, installed by America. It is also to grant political and legal cover for the Bilateral Security Agreement signed on 30th September 2014 between the US and the Afghan puppet regime. The BSA allows the US to station its troops in Afghanistan beyond 2014, under the cover of providing training to Afghan army and countering “terrorism.”

On August 5, 2015, the Financial Times reported that Saudi Arabia was returning to the bond market with a plan to raise $27bn by the end of 2015. The paper also indicated this was a clear sign of the strain to lower oil prices putting pressure on the finances of the world’s largest oil exporter. Fahad al-Mubarak, the governor of the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency, said in July that Riyadh had already issued its first $4bn in local bonds, the first sovereign issuance since 2007.