In recent years, colonial powers and foreign companies have shown a sharp increase in interest in Uzbekistan's gold, uranium, tungsten, molybdenum, lithium, and other strategic minerals. Various agreements, investment projects, and cooperation mechanisms are being established in this area with the United States, China, Japan, Britain, France, and Canada.

The reality of the Makkah Agreement became apparent within just one month: that this agreement was in fact concluded to preserve America’s declining authority in the region and to share America’s security burden. Pakistan’s Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar clarified immediately after the agreement, on 7 August 2026,