A thousand years ago, distinguished universities existed in Gundishapur, Baghdad, Kufah, Isfahan, Cordoba, Alexandria, Cairo, Damascus, and in several other major cities of Islamic regions. Higher education outside the Islamic State during that era existed only in Constantinople, Kaifeng (China), and Nalanda (India). And even then, the University of Constantinople was emulating universities in Baghdad and Cordoba. In western Europe, at this time, there wasn’t even a single university
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